QTMS uses an incident/problem relation in its FRACAS process.  Incidents are issues/failures reported by customers, found during testing, etc. As an example, consider a product with a faulty component. Multiple customers may experience/report a failure due to that faulty component. Each failure is an incident. From an engineering perspective, all of these incidents are due to the faulty component; thus the problem is the faulty component. In this scenario, customer support or repair technicians will attempt to resolve the incident (i.e. get the customer up and running). However, resolving individual incidents does not resolve the problem. The problem is resolved by dealing with the faulty component.

In QTMS terminology, problems are solved through Problem Resolution Reports (PRRs). A PRR may have one or more incidents associated with it. The resolution of a PRR follows an 8D process.